BIO 186 - Microbiology

1. Interpret the structure and function of the major types of microorganisms.
   1. Define the chemical building blocks and bonds.
   2. Compare the macromolecules.
   3. Name the structures that bacteria possess.
   4. Distinguish between gram positive and gram negative cells.
   5. Discuss the major shapes and arrangements of prokaryotes.
   6. Compare archaea and bacteria.
   7. Name the structures that eukaryotic organisms possess.
   8. Distinguish between fungi and protists.
   9. Define the structure of viruses.
   10. Explain viral multiplication.
   11. List techniques for cultivating viruses.
   12. Compare other noncellular infectious agents.

2. Compare and contrast pathways and transformations of energy and matter within living systems.
   1. List the essential nutrients of the cell.
   2. Describe an organisms’ sources of carbon and energy.
   3. Summarize the ways substances enter and leave cells.
   4. Analyze the environmental factors in microbial growth.
   5. Examine bacterial reproduction.
   6. Define metabolism, catabolism, and anabolism.
   7. Define the structure and function of enzymes.
   8. Determine the chemicals and reactions in the utilization of energy.
   9. Distinguish between aerobic, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation.

3. Evaluate methods of controlling microorganisms.
   1. Evaluate the methods of physical control.
   2. Compare the methods of chemical control.
   3. List the characteristics of the ideal drug.
   4. Describe the major targets of antimicrobial drugs.
   5. Compare antifungal, antiprotozoal and antiviral drugs.
   6. Demonstrate the mechanisms in drug resistance.
   7. Evaluate drug toxicity and allergic reactions to drugs.
   8. Describe methods for testing antimicrobial sensitivity.

4. Examine the interaction of humans.

1. Differentiate colonization, infection, disease, and normal flora.
2. Discuss the pathogenicity, opportunism, and infectious dose.
3. Describe the virulence factors of an infection.
4. Interpret the causes of healthcare-associated infections.
5. List Koch’s postulates.
6. Summarize the field of epidemiology.
7. Examine the three lines of host defenses.
8. Summarize the systems, cells and other components of the immune system.
9. Compare the four major categories of nonspecific immunity.
10. Express the major factors in the specific immunity.
11. Distinguish between antigens and other cell markers.
12. Summarize the B-cell response.
13. Summarize the T-cell response.
14. Discuss the 4 categories of specific immunity.
15. Report on one of the groups of infectious diseases.
16. Explain the causative agent, pathogenesis and virulence factors, transmission and epidemiology, and prevention and treatment of infectious diseases that affect the following: skin and eyes, nervous system, cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, respiratory system, GI tract, and genitourinary tract.

5. Observe, identify, manipulate, modify, cultivate and destroy microorganisms in the laboratory.
   1. Demonstrate culturing of microorganisms.
   2. Demonstrate the use of a microscope.
   3. Compare simple, differential, and special stains.
   4. Perform biochemical tests for the identification of microbes.
   5. Carry out methods of microbial control.